6 Cheapest Substrates for a Planted Aquarium [2024]

Creating a lush and thriving planted aquarium doesn’t have to break the bank. One of the key components to consider is the substrate — the material that forms the base of your aquarium’s floor and supports plant growth.

While there are many high-end substrates available, there are also budget-friendly options that can provide adequate nutrients for your aquatic plants. Here are six of the cheapest substrates you can consider for your planted aquarium in 2024:

1. Play Sand

Play sand is a common substrate choice among budget-conscious aquarists. It is typically made of quartz and is inert, meaning it won’t alter water chemistry. Play sand is easy to find in hardware stores and garden centers, making it both affordable and accessible. However, it lacks nutrients, so you may need to supplement with root tabs or liquid fertilizers to support plant growth.

2. Pool Filter Sand

Similar to play sand, pool filter sand is another inexpensive option that is inert and won’t affect water parameters. It has a slightly coarser texture compared to play sand, which can be beneficial for root growth and preventing anaerobic pockets. As with play sand, nutrient supplementation may be necessary for optimal plant growth.

3. Topsoil

Topsoil can be an excellent substrate choice for planted aquariums on a budget. It is rich in organic matter and nutrients, which can promote healthy plant growth without the need for additional fertilizers initially. However, using topsoil requires careful preparation to avoid clouding the water. Cap it with a layer of sand or gravel to prevent disturbance.

4. Potting Soil

Potting soil is another cost-effective substrate option that contains nutrients beneficial for plant growth. Look for organic potting soils without additives like perlite or vermiculite, as these can float and cloud the water. Similar to topsoil, potting soil should be capped with a layer of sand or gravel to maintain its integrity.

5. Pea Gravel

Pea gravel is a budget-friendly substrate that provides good drainage and stability for plant roots. It is inert and won’t alter water chemistry, but it does not provide nutrients on its own. Pea gravel works well in combination with root tabs or liquid fertilizers to support plant growth and can be found at garden centers or landscaping suppliers.

6. Crushed Lava Rock

Crushed lava rock is a porous substrate that can be beneficial for plant growth due to its ability to retain nutrients and provide aeration to plant roots. It is lightweight and inert, making it easy to handle and suitable for aquascaping. While it may initially be more expensive than other options, it can be cost-effective in the long run due to its durability and nutrient-retention properties.

When choosing a substrate for your planted aquarium, consider the specific needs of your aquatic plants and the aesthetic you wish to achieve. While these budget-friendly options can support plant growth, they may require additional maintenance or supplementation compared to more specialized substrates. With proper care and attention, however, you can create a beautiful and thriving planted aquarium without overspending.